Mental Illness in Film Essay - 550 Words

Mental Illness in Film (Essay Sample) Content: Mental Illness in Film: Alzheimers disease in Iris (2001)Name:Institution:IntroductionIris is a film released in 2001on the real-life story of British philosopher and novelist, Irish Murdoch. The R-rated movie lasts for 90 minutes and documents the life of the couple and the descent of Iris to Alzheimers disease. The movie with no doubts offers an intimate feel of the impact of the psychopathology on the couples relationship as the disease advances. To the relevant stakeholders involved in understanding mental disorders, this is a perfect film to watch for key themes such as dementia, stages, progression and risk factors. Besides, the film offers a perfect platform for the society to visualize Alzheimers disease effects on the patients and their primary caregivers. Based on a pair of books by John Bayley (Iris Murdochs husband), the movie shows how the couple met at their college days in Oxford (Bayley, 1999). Iris has an arch personality, artistic talent and libertin e spirit that made her standout amongst many. Their marriage had its highs and lows and after several years, the couple enjoys the comfort of their home. Iris began experiencing dementia that came in as the ultimate challenge to their relationship. The condition is characterized by her memory loss as her husband struggles to offer care services. The film portrays the patient as deprived of the ability to recognize their suffering whereas the caregivers are left with relentless pity for their spouses. Bayley is depicted as a frustrated caretaker who feels worse as Iris condition regresses further. Iris relays on how familial love is important in cases of Alzheimers disease.The movie provides an insight of how the ability of the brain to recall things and make new memoirs fades gradually. Iris, in this case, reached a point where she could not dress, feed, bathe or visit the toilet. In reference to Hardman (2009), one of the major signs of Alzheimers disease is memory loss that ends u p destroying normal life. As human beings age, the degeneration of neurons takes place giving these signs and symptoms. For the healthcare professionals, the case of Iris Murdoch proved to be a complicated one to deal with since the disease manifestation in her case was gradual, prolonged and acute at the very end. The film also educates professionals that the patients lifestyle affects the efficiency of palliative care. Such is reflected in the vibrant lifestyle of the character that did not complement the palliative setting. Causes of Alzheimers diseaseIn reference to Oltmanns Emery (2015), the condition develops as an interplay of several factors such as lifestyle, genetic and environmental. Like in most types of degenerative diseases, Alzheimers is characterized by the progressive apoptosis of brain cells. Shea (2012) argues though not testable on the living brain, autopsies on Alzheimers patients report the presence of inclusions in the neurons called plaques and tangles. It is, therefore, most likely that these have something to do with the development of the condition. Plaques are clumps of the beta-amyloid protein that destroy the brain cells through obstructing the cell signaling mechanisms. The brain processes stimuli and sends signals to the relevant cells via the nerve cells. The presence of these plaques prevents efficient transmission of signals thus explaining memory loss.For proper functioning of the brain cells, an internal transport and support system is required to carry the necessary materials and nutrients. A protein known as tau is therefore required to maintain the normal structure of these extensions. Tangles within these long extensions obstruct nutrient supply throughout the brain thus disease development (Engdahl, 2013).Journal ArticleDong, S., Duan, Y., Hu, Y., Zhao, Z. (2012). Advances in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease: a re-evaluation of amyloid cascade hypothesis. Translational Neurodegeneration, 1(18), 1-12.Dong et al . (2012) state that Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia in which progressive deterioration of memory occurs. Its pathogenesis includes histopathological changes that introduce extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta peptides that form senile plaques. Other changes include the intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of the hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the brain. The article focused on recent developments concerning amyloid cascade hypothesis; it offers details on the synthesis, metabolism and the clearance of amyloid-beta. In addition, the review provides the advances made in terms of neuropathology, genetics and pathologies of Alzheimers disease (A... Mental Illness in Film Essay - 550 Words Mental Illness in Film (Essay Sample) Content: Mental Illness in Film: Alzheimers disease in Iris (2001)Name:Institution:IntroductionIris is a film released in 2001on the real-life story of British philosopher and novelist, Irish Murdoch. The R-rated movie lasts for 90 minutes and documents the life of the couple and the descent of Iris to Alzheimers disease. The movie with no doubts offers an intimate feel of the impact of the psychopathology on the couples relationship as the disease advances. To the relevant stakeholders involved in understanding mental disorders, this is a perfect film to watch for key themes such as dementia, stages, progression and risk factors. Besides, the film offers a perfect platform for the society to visualize Alzheimers disease effects on the patients and their primary caregivers. Based on a pair of books by John Bayley (Iris Murdochs husband), the movie shows how the couple met at their college days in Oxford (Bayley, 1999). Iris has an arch personality, artistic talent and libertin e spirit that made her standout amongst many. Their marriage had its highs and lows and after several years, the couple enjoys the comfort of their home. Iris began experiencing dementia that came in as the ultimate challenge to their relationship. The condition is characterized by her memory loss as her husband struggles to offer care services. The film portrays the patient as deprived of the ability to recognize their suffering whereas the caregivers are left with relentless pity for their spouses. Bayley is depicted as a frustrated caretaker who feels worse as Iris condition regresses further. Iris relays on how familial love is important in cases of Alzheimers disease.The movie provides an insight of how the ability of the brain to recall things and make new memoirs fades gradually. Iris, in this case, reached a point where she could not dress, feed, bathe or visit the toilet. In reference to Hardman (2009), one of the major signs of Alzheimers disease is memory loss that ends u p destroying normal life. As human beings age, the degeneration of neurons takes place giving these signs and symptoms. For the healthcare professionals, the case of Iris Murdoch proved to be a complicated one to deal with since the disease manifestation in her case was gradual, prolonged and acute at the very end. The film also educates professionals that the patients lifestyle affects the efficiency of palliative care. Such is reflected in the vibrant lifestyle of the character that did not complement the palliative setting. Causes of Alzheimers diseaseIn reference to Oltmanns Emery (2015), the condition develops as an interplay of several factors such as lifestyle, genetic and environmental. Like in most types of degenerative diseases, Alzheimers is characterized by the progressive apoptosis of brain cells. Shea (2012) argues though not testable on the living brain, autopsies on Alzheimers patients report the presence of inclusions in the neurons called plaques and tangles. It is, therefore, most likely that these have something to do with the development of the condition. Plaques are clumps of the beta-amyloid protein that destroy the brain cells through obstructing the cell signaling mechanisms. The brain processes stimuli and sends signals to the relevant cells via the nerve cells. The presence of these plaques prevents efficient transmission of signals thus explaining memory loss.For proper functioning of the brain cells, an internal transport and support system is required to carry the necessary materials and nutrients. A protein known as tau is therefore required to maintain the normal structure of these extensions. Tangles within these long extensions obstruct nutrient supply throughout the brain thus disease development (Engdahl, 2013).Journal ArticleDong, S., Duan, Y., Hu, Y., Zhao, Z. (2012). Advances in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease: a re-evaluation of amyloid cascade hypothesis. Translational Neurodegeneration, 1(18), 1-12.Dong et al . (2012) state that Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia in which progressive deterioration of memory occurs. Its pathogenesis includes histopathological changes that introduce extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta peptides that form senile plaques. Other changes include the intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of the hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the brain. The article focused on recent developments concerning amyloid cascade hypothesis; it offers details on the synthesis, metabolism and the clearance of amyloid-beta. In addition, the review provides the advances made in terms of neuropathology, genetics and pathologies of Alzheimers disease (A...

The History of Multicultural Education Essay - 863 Words

Summary Multicultural Education in the United States made its debut beginning with the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s. Its intent was to become part of the cultural mainstream. The Civil Rights Movement brought to light the apparent concerns of discrimination, intimidation and inequality. During this period, pressure was placed on the Federal Government to examine their roles in the perseverance of inequalities when it came to Multicultural Education (Russell, Robert, The History of Multicultural Education, 2011). It can be compared to â€Å"Affirmative Action† where whites were asked to leave behind their own point of view and gain knowledge of the traditions of Multicultural groups (Taylor, Samuel. The Challenge of Multiculturalism†¦show more content†¦In the late 1960s and 1970s, the women’s rights movement including the National Organization for Women, founded in 1966, focused on institutional chauvinism and oppression of women (Information about NOW, 2011). Education was the major reason in achieving an organized agreement that would allow women equal access and opportunity. At this time, emphasis was made for a more comprehensive curriculum, which represented women’s history and awareness. Gays, lesbians and the elderly also witnessed what was happening and began to make similar demands of their own. During the 1980s, multiculturalism developed into a leading topic in the academic and intellectual sector where major changes were noticed at the conventional level of educational institutions. Critiques of Western Euro-centric culture were presented by theorists and revealed a modern-day perception of culture privileged Western European society and white male-dominated power structures (Russell, Robert, The History of Multicultural Education, 2011). The many distinctive theories of multiculturalism encouraged educational activists to seek important transformations in educational institutions from kindergarten through grade 12 to colleges and universities. The knowledge I have gained from my experience in learning about the history of multicultural education has given me an insight to many different cultures. InShow MoreRelatedThe History of Multicultural Education Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagesespecially with the emergence of the Civil Rights Movement. Although the term â€Å"multicultural education† had not come into play yet, the idea that the U.S needed to reexamine their efforts of educating diverse groups was emerging. During this time inequality especially among minority groups in comparison to the white dominant culture became a social issue (Banks 1999). Before the arrival of this reform multicultural education was displayed in the classroom as having minorities adapt to the predominantRead MoreA Brief History Of Multicultural Education2246 Words   |  9 PagesA Brief History of Multicultural Education from 1960 to Present The United States (US) is considered a relatively â€Å"new† country when considering it in the historical context of the history of nation states. However, the idea of multicultural education (MCE) is certainly not new. Payne and Welsh (2008) posit that MCE originates from the results of struggles of humans throughout history, â€Å"from [the] Hammurabi Code to the Magna Carta, the British Bill of Rights, philosophers such as Locke and MontesquieuRead MoreMulticultural Literacy And Bullying Is Through Education849 Words   |  4 Pagesmulticulturalism to fight discrimination and bullying is through education. Through classroom libraries, teachers can provide a wide variety of multicultural books. Elementary classroom libraries are an essential tool to assist in building cultural awareness and acceptance of diverse family units, races, creeds, learning abilities; therefore bullying will decrease and greater understanding among students will develop. Multicultural classroom libraries will build understanding and empathy and createRead MoreAfrican American History And Education Of All Perspectives Essay1522 Words   |  7 Pagesfacts through various perspectives. When teaching American History, the teacher would be able to include African American History, Women s History, Asian American History, Latino American History, etc. As a result, students are getting the multicultural education they disserve through education of all perspectives. One can only hope all schools reach beyond stage 3 and have the privilege to be in Stage 5. Gorki’s Stage 5: â€Å"Multicultural, Social Action, and Awareness† is, in a sense, Stage 4 butRead MoreEducating Through A Multicultural Perspective Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesEducating Through a Multicultural Perspective What the Research Says? Defining Multicultural Education The United States serves as a culturally rich country who opens its arms to individuals from many different ethnicities, backgrounds, and life experiences. It seeks to be the melting pot of a blended group of people, providing opportunity and equity for all. Consequently, our educational system is the cornerstone for providing equal opportunity for all persons. Therefore, as the United States continuesRead MoreRequirements Needed to Create a Multicultural Classroom1207 Words   |  5 Pages For a multicultural classroom to exist, it must flourish upon students’ cultural differences and use them as a foundation for development. However, modern day public schools are rarely welcoming of cultural differences and tend to educate students as if they are all programmed one specific way. Teachers should be determined to address diversity and implement it into the curriculum which will create a multicultural classroom and advance the education of all students. In this essay I will be exploringRead MoreMulticultural Education, Its Purpose, Goals, And Challenges Inclusive824 Words   |  4 Pagesthe history behind multicultural education, its purpose, goals, and challenges inclusive to multiculturalism. One of the challenges’ that Banks noted was the problem was with â€Å"Ideological resistance by assimilationist is a major factor that has slowed and is still slowing the development of a multicultural curriculum† (p. 244). Bank’s literature contributed to the knowledge of historical patterns associated with multicultural education and the need for more multicultural programs in education. JiaRead MoreMulticultural Education : A High Level Of Learning976 Words   |  4 PagesThrough multicultural education we are awarded with a unique opportunity to effectively alter the opinions of individuals. The effects of these courses have been demonstrated in multiple studies and while the subjects of this research is often college students, these effects are easily generalizable to the rest of the population. Although this generalizability is there, it can be understood why it be the most effective to begin with college age students. This is often lauded as a critical point inRead MoreRejecting the Myth of Colorblindness in Education1632 Words   |  7 Pages As if this philosophy will enable us to bridge any gaps between races, this thought attempts to focus on how we are all the same, rather than how we differ. Teachers and administrators are required to complete coursework pertaining to multicultural education with the purpose of enabling them to better understand the st udents whom they teach. It is believed that when one understands the culture from which a student belongs, the teacher will be able to reach that student in a more effective mannerRead MoreMulticultural Education We Receive A Reward956 Words   |  4 PagesThrough multicultural education we receive a reward, a unique opportunity to effectively alter the opinions of individuals. Studies demonstrate the effects of these courses and while the subjects of this research are often college students, these effects are easily generalizable to the rest of the population. Although this generalizability is there, one can understand why it is the most effective to begin with college age students. Many laud this as a critical point in development for most young

Leadership Theories Of Leadership Styles - 4638 Words

Leadership theories The full spectrum of leadership styles is broad. The leadership styles continuum ranges from very directive to very non-directive: Autocratic, Benevolent Autocratic, Consultative, Participative, Consensus, and Laissez-Faire (Gibson, 1995). The autocratic leader an authority who make decisions or set goals and does not feel the need to explain them. The benevolent autocratic leader also rely on authority for decision-making, but may explain the thought process behind the decisions. Meanwhile, the consultative leader will obtain feedback from employees after developing their own ideas and will consider their subordinates input before making the decision. A consensus-building leader asks for democratic decision-making process where all members’ votes in the group are at least nominally equal. A laissez-faire leader will let subordinates make decisions for themselves (Gibson, 1995). Figure 1-Leadership Continuum (Gibson) Leadership styles are the tools used by managers and leaders to implement their plans and vision through their subordinates. There are numerous theories and practices to for these managers and leaders to select from, and for this discussion, we will focus on four-leadership styles (Transactional, Transformational, Servant Leadership, and Authentic) as a metric to measure cultural influence on the selected leadership styles. These four leadership styles are used to show distinct leadership style as described in figure 2. This chart showsShow MoreRelatedLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership857 Words   |  4 Pagesproject shows that leadership is defined in many ways. Characteristics of a good leader are questionable. Leadership styles and theories, such as servant leadership, collective leadership, and dictatorship vastly differ but still share similar attributes. While servant leadership and collective leadership theories similarly encompass specific attributes, the collecti ve leadership theory still lacks vision and empowerment. Inversely, at the other extreme of leadership theories is dictatorship. UnlikeRead MoreLeadership Style And Leadership Theory807 Words   |  4 Pagesresearch conducted on traits, skills, and characters relationships to leadership and followers. The paper discusses the common themes and conclusions addressed in all studies. The articles penned with the intention of examining the impact leadership style and leadership theory in areas such as individual identity, culture, and worldview. Mahdi, Mohd, and Almsafir (2014) argue there is a significantly strong relationship between the leadership behavior and organizational commitment. Also, the paper synthesizesRead MoreLeadership Theories And Leadership Styles1512 Words   |  7 Pagesprovide examples surrounding various leadership theories and leadership styles that sustain the definition of a public leader. First, this paper will provide a definition of a public leader. Next , it determine two leadership theories and two leadership styles that support the definition of a public leader. Also, this paper will assess the effectiveness of the two leadership theories. Subsequently, it will assess the effectiveness of the two leadership styles. Further, this paper will utilize properRead MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesGenerally, leadership is the art or process of influencing followers and subordinates to achieve the organizational goals. It helps an individuals or a group to identify its goals and assists in achieving the stated goals. Because of importance of leadership all kinds of group action, there are considerable number of researches and theories on leadership and many kinds of leadership styles like Greatman theory, power influence, Trait approach, Behavioral, Situational or Contingency approaches;Read MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership876 Words   |  4 Pagesbstract This paper is to define the definition of leadership, and how its breakdown of various leadership styles and theories. I will also focus on more than one leadership style on what is to believe the best aligns thoughts of what leadership should mean. The leadership style is a mixed character of leadership that combines the transformational and servant leadership theories in to Healthcare. An evaluation is made of the learner’s leadership characteristics and how they would enable the learnerRead MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Theories993 Words   |  4 Pagesto the other two leadership styles, I scored next highest in the delegate category and the least amount in the authoritative category. In this paper I will give a comprehensive overview of leadership styles and leadership management theories and how they relate to my style. Lastly, I will discuss my type of work environment, and three key actions or behaviors that I must demonstrate to be a successful leader. Alignment with management and leadership theories Leadership theories include trait, attitudinalRead MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership1386 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is known as the process of guiding groups, individuals and an organization in the establishment of goals as well as sustaining those goals. The concept of leadership incorporates a diversity of clarifications, leadership styles and theories. While looking at the leaders around us no matter if it’s our president or place of employment, we often find ourselves questioning exactly why these individuals shine in these positions. This essay will detail my leadership in relations of the transformationalRead MoreLeadership Theories And Leadership Style920 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership theories and Leadership Style In workplace condition, there are numerous dynamics which may affects a manager’s leadership style. The most significant features which will affect the choice of leadership styles or leadership behavior in a workplace condition need to identify. The most important factor which affects the manager’s leadership style is ‘Task’. The task is the real purpose of the team as well as the goals of the team. A manager’s upmost duty is to be certain that all team membersRead MoreLeadership Styles And Theories Of Leadership2172 Words   |  9 PagesThere are many leadership styles and theories.   Effective leaders are required to possess problem-solving skills, maintain group effectiveness, be dynamic, passionate, and be a motivational influence on others.   There are two leadership approaches that are most popular.   They are Transactional leadership and Transformational leadership.   A transactional leader is the traditional â€Å"boss† image (Yoder-Wise, 2015).   In such work environment, employees have an understanding that the superiors make allRead MoreThe Theory Of Leadership Styles903 Words   |  4 Pagesphenomenon of leadership is based upon directing, influencing as well as motiv ating individuals for the purpose of implementing plans as well as running an organization. Leadership styles vary from person to person and is dependent upon the situations that the leader might be faced with (George, Sims, P. Sims, D., 2007). Basically, the leadership styles have been categorized into six types (i.e. commanding, visionary, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and coaching leadership styles). All these

Leading and Managing Organizational Change of PolyProd Company

Question: Discuss about theLeading and Managing Organizational Change of PolyProd Company. Answer: PolyProd is corporations that develops markets and produces a variety of outrageous technology products for both industry and home uses. Robert Jackson the project manager who is working in the headquarters suggests that the present information management practices are to be improved otherwise it will cost the company millions of dollars in their expenses (Brigham Houston, 2012). Along with it, there will also be decrease in the long-term market shares of the companys product. This essay thus, discusses about the barriers of the change to convince TMT not to have this change through the point of view of VP of Finance Department. The finance department mainly controls the monetary area of the company. It further include the five main domains that are planning, organizing, auditing, accounting and controlling the organizing the organizations finances (Bindseil, 2014). However, there are certain barriers, which also need to be understood so that a successful business strategy is identified, created and implemented as well. Change is at times important for all the aspects of the organization, but the rest of the time the shift from one state to another cause a huge burden for the finance department (Laudon Laudon, 2016). Barriers will always built a gap in between the present practices as well as the recommendations, which will further have a negative effect on the production processes of the company. However, to stop that from happening thus the major barriers are pinpointed to stay away from the change. The workforce is the most common barrier to change management. Workers always have the fear to change unless and until they are included in the changing process. However, it is common that even the loyal members of the employees will combat the change. The biggest mistake from the organizations side is not including their employees in the process of change (Aparecida da Silva, Pelogia Martins Damian Ins Dallavalle de Pdua, 2012). However, this projects an unknown fear, deficiency of desire to accept a new culture and finally a completely new barrier towards change. Getting the employees included in the process of change in the organizations means that their voices should be listened, considering for their output and convincing the change for the good in the organization including everyone. Thus, relevant and sufficient resources are provided to drive the workforce towards the change is an important thing to do to make them comfortable and prepare to adjust to the change in the organ ization (Cameron Green, 2015). The next barrier is deficiency in the strategy of effective communication. The silliest way towards a change is not having an effective communication strategy in the organization and thus forcefully resisting changing. Thus, only the top official leaders should not do announcing and introducing the strategies, the workers need to know more than just the change. They need to inform that how this change will affect them and how they can adapt themselves with the change with a proper and effective strategy of communication. The top officials often make a mistake of assuming that their employees will adjust and prepare themselves automatically to the change that they just announced and this is definitely a wrong way of introducing change (Goksoy, Ozsoy Vayvay, 2012). Another barrier is a planning that is of bad culture shift. Therefore, the planning team holds no idea, that how this change will affect the employees then it becomes the barrier for the chance. Apart from making the planning administration, responsibilities of work area and job responsibilities and structure of work reporting, the team fails to take decisions based on the employees feelings and intuitions. However, this completely overshadows how the employees feel, reason and work. Moreover, to avoid deeper bitterness in the organization, they must do whatever it takes by respecting the traditional and taboos at the organization. Therefore, when the organization is concentrating in the critical and objective thinking it is very essential to understand the feelings of the employees. In this way, a great barrier can overcome in organizational change. Change always becomes difficult to accept if there is no idea about the present state in the organization. Thus, when the organization is trying hard to implement and apply change without understanding the present state of the organization it becomes another barrier. The failure to evaluate the present companys blueprint will hinder with the changes that are thought by the organization to be introduced and implemented (Cummings Worley, 2014). Before suggesting, any change the organization must evaluate the present state of the organization so that once it has been understood it is much easier to plan and modify the current state to the altered one. The last barrier to any changes in the organization can be the growing complex processes within the organization itself. Therefore, when the organization comes up with complex processes including planning and implementing the change the environment inside become more complex. The complexities that are the real reasons behind the barriers are the complex processes, products and systems, these so complex because the employees find it difficult to understand them. However, to break this barrier it is important to introduce a focus and skilled approach that can tackle the organizational development and complexity. Thus, any change that can be too complex in the organization should be avoided so that it does not become difficult for the other members of the organization to handle th e complex changes (Burke, 2017). To conclude the essay it can be said that the new change in the organization can highly shook the current state and thus waste a lot of time as the employees needs time to adjust with the changes. However, the above paragraphs discusses about the barriers of the change that are enough to convince TMT not to have this change that has been proposed by the Project manager. Moreover, implementing changes in the organization will not only waste time but also act as a forceful modification upon the other branches that are located in the various geographical locations. References Aparecida da Silva, L., Pelogia Martins Damian, I., Ins Dallavalle de Pdua, S. (2012). Process management tasks and barriers: functional to processes approach. Business Process Management Journal, 18(5), 762-776. Bindseil, U. (2014). Monetary policy operations and the financial system. OUP Oxford. Brigham, E. F., Houston, J. F. (2012). Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Burke, W. W. (2017). Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage Publications. Cameron, E., Green, M. (2015). Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014). Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Goksoy, A., Ozsoy, B., Vayvay, O. (2012). Business process reengineering: strategic tool for managing organizational change an application in a multinational company. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 89. Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. (2016). Management information system. Pearson Education India.

Patient Centred Care free essay sample

This essay will engage closely in exploring the case study provided during week one through four. It will deal with various issues such as the difference between type one and type two diabetes, outcomes of poorly managed blood sugar levels, the necessity of pain control during post-operative care for Josie, the implementation of Tanners model of clinical Judgement and lastly but not the least, a summary of Josies progress note. Diabetes and blood glucose control As Diabetes Mellitus is closely connected to the insufficient action of insulin in the body, the type one and two diabetic patients suffer mainly from managing their blood sugar levels (Crisp Taylor, 2009. ). The widely known differences between the two diabetes are that type one diabetes display an inability of the pancreas to create insulin for the body as its cells producing insulin are destroyed. Type two diabetes do produce insulin, however due to the reduced production of the insulin by the pancreas, the body is unable or resistant to use the insulin appropriately and leads the body to face difficulties in maintaining homoeostatic balance. We will write a custom essay sample on Patient Centred Care or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Further differences of type one and type two diabetes could be identified in managing the disease. It is essential for type one diabetic patient to be treated with an external source of insulin, however for type two diabetic patients the treatment could vary simply from controlling their diet and exercising, or injecting insulin into the body to control their blood sugar levels (Barnes, 2004). Poor function of insulin to control Glucose is the energy source that the cells feed on to survive, therefore poor management of the blood glucose will lead the cells to suffer from insufficient amount of energy to regulate the entire body (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2008). Although the effects may not be immediately life threatening, conditions such as constant exhaustion or hypoglycaemia occurs when there is a low level of glucose in the blood. The patients at such circumstance will experience headaches, dizziness, hunger, seizures and fall into comas at extreme cases. Other outcomes may occur due to hyperglycaemia, when high blood glucose levels damage the small blood vessels. Blood vessels which supply energy to the cells become affected by the high glucose level which in return causes the blood to be toxic and the formation of blood clots (Zmuida, 2009). This will soon result the nerves and the cells to poorly function and trigger blurry vision, nerve damage, poor circulation, foot infections, cardiovascular complications, kidney infections in the long run. Importance of postoperative pain control One of the most important purpose to perform a postoperative pain assessment is to manage the risks the patient may face after the operation. By assessing the location, severity, type of pain and the temperature of the pain area, the patient is likely to have lower risks of developing an infection or a disease during recovery (Doherty, 2010). If pain control assessment is absent during a postoperative care for Josie Elliot, Elliot is likely to meet high levels of pain and stress in dealing with the pain. Such stress is likely to interfere with the other postoperative recovery exercises as it is predictable that Elliot will be physically tensed and unwilling. Furthermore, the consequences of not acknowledging the pain areas for Elliot, could lead to overlooking problems such as swelling or internal bleeding of the operated wrist. Although the problems may be small, they are likely to grow into serious matters such as haemorrhage and amputation. Therefore, for the patients to be less at a risk of becoming susceptible to complications- pain control is the stepping-stone to safety and be considered as a major priority of postoperative care. Tanner’s Clinical judgement: Noticing In this initial step of clinical judgement the nurse will focus in recognising the current situation of the patient. The nurse will seek to find future discomforts and problems that may occur during the care for the patient (Tanner, 2006). As for Elliot, who had an active life before being submitted into the hospital, the nurse should concentrate in understanding the patients psychological well being. Elliot being in such a contrasting environment to her daily life in the society, she could be expected to experience severe stress. For example, the nurse could initiating a casual conversation to assess any signs of depression or discomfort that Elliot may be experiencing. Through her voice, expression or gestures, the nurse will be able to notice conditions out of the ordinary. Another way to collect more informations about the patient may be communicating with the family members. Family members are the ones who will know the patient well enough to be concerned with the minor changes the patient shows. Such way of assessing the patient will help the nurse to accurately point out the changes occurring to the patient and gain deeper understandings of the patient conditions. Interpreting This phase is about digesting the collected information about the patient. For example, Analysing and interpreting the patients idea of his or her condition will allow the nurse to prioritise her tasks for the patients health care. Prioritising tasks will help the nurse to initiate the most argent care needed for the patient. This will decrease number of the patients risk factors and benefit the patient to be nearer to the risk free zone (Tanner, 2006). For further example, the nurse could interpret Elliots dull and restless behaviours, responses, moods and expressions as a sign of depression. Other objective data such as Elliots vitals signs could be interpreted into a certain warning for an occurrence of a diseases. After understanding these informations, the nurse could then prioritise the absorbed informations from the most severe issues to the least (Bradshaw Lowenstein, 2010). In Elliots case it would first be the pain assessment on her fractured wrist and the vital signs to identify and tightly secure Elliots overall physical health which is crucial. The next will be followed by Elliots psychological assessment to ensure Elliot will not be harmed by depression. The last task on the list could be the patient shower to benefit Elliot to feel better and comfortable. However being at the end of the list does not indicate that this task is the least important. Responding This phase requires the nurse to be skilful in order to act out and perform the tasks set out in the previous phase of interpreting (Bradshaw Lowenstein, 2010). At this time of care, the nurse is expected to be insightful, with the attitudes of calmness and confidence to achieve successful outcome of the practice. For example, the nurse could systematically perform the interpreted and prioritized tasks on Elliot. During each task the nurse should explain the procedures being undertaken and communicate with the patient to be informative and clear. This will bring Elliot to be aware and be assured of the care being provided. This will help her to feel less confused or discomforted by knowing what is going on with her body while receiving the care. This step of clinical judgment will inform and educate the patient which is a crucial part of patient centered care. Reflecting Reflecting in tanners clinical judgment refers to having the knowledge to predict what is expected as an outcome of the care provided. There are two different aspects of reflection which are reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. Reflection-in-action is when the nurse assesses the patients feedback or response in coping with the tasks and the care practiced on the patient. Reflection-on-action is how the nurse learns and gains further knowledge through the patients response to a particular nursing care (Bradshaw Lowenstein, 2010). During Elliots care, the nurse has given the medication to Elliot for pain relief. The nurse should observe and record Elliots responses to the medications. The first response the nurse will be looking for would be the complications occurring Elliots health due to the medication, such as a side effects or an allergic reaction. Secondly, the degree of effectiveness of the medication for Elliot to reduce the pain would also be analyzed. After Elliots responses have been assessed, the nurse should immediately make an effort to improve the status of the patient, and further promote patient centered care. Fracture in her left wrist from playing soccer. Has a history of Type 1 diabetes, on regular S/C insulin injections . Blood sugar within the average range of 6. 3 mmol/L. Vital signs have been within the normal range: Blood pressure 110/80, Heart rate 61, Oxygen rate 100%, Respiratory rate 17, Pulse rate 100 and Temperature 37. 8. Went to surgery 09/08/10, returned to ward with no complications. Has a cast with fingers exposed. Post-op requirements 10/08/10 included: indwelling catheter, 6LO2 saturating at 100%, 0. 9 Saline and 5% Glucose at 42mls/hr, PRN analgesia, ceased fluids after commencing oral intake, positioning patient to raise limb and neurovascular observations . Neurovascular observation of colour, capillary return, temperature, pulses, bleeding were within the normal rage. Movement was reduced due to patients pain rated to be 6/10 uncontrolled. Sensation was tingling around the fractured left arm. 11/08/10: Panadeine forte given for management of pain. Pain score reduced to 2/10. patient orally eat and drink. IDC was removed at 0600. Passed urine at 1100. Has a unoccupied cannula on right arm. Removed Indwelling catheter at 0600. Completed shower and resting comfortably at the time of report. For review by RMO: heeeun Hee-eun Yeo (UTS Nursing student) F. N Florence Nightingale (RN). Conclusion The essay explored the case study provided during week one through four. Focuses were set on; diabetes, issues of controlling the sugar levels, the necessity of pain control during post-operative care and the implementation of Tanners model of clinical Judgement on the bases of patient centered care.

Mike Cain essays

Mike Cain essays Michael Cain is an attorney for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) and he came to talk to us about the evolution of the public trust doctrine in Wisconsin dealing with navigable water and current development issues related to the public trust. The doctrine states that a sizable body of common law has developed which holds that all navigable waters are held in trust by the state for the public and through the DNR Department of Justice and District Attorneys they have an affirmative duty to protect these public trust waters. With the increase in recreational and developmental pressures the amount of aquatic resources diminishes increasing the importance of this issue and the grounds of the public trust doctrine. This is important because the doctrine provides the foundation for preserving aquatic natural resources for the future. Wisconsin is facing developmental problems mainly, but not limited to, the northern part of the state. People want to buy lakefront property to put their home or cottage on to get further from the cities and closer to nature. What they dont realize is that developing this lakefront property like your home in the cities is ruining the natural vegetation and destroying shoreline habitat. The runoff of chemicals gets in the water affecting water quality and the removal of shoreline vegetation for recreational purposes reduces wildlife habitat. Basically they are pushing out the wildlife that they are trying to get closer to by being in the north woods. Cain talked about the historical aspect behind the public trust doctrine and its judicial construction. The doctrine was written to reflect the publics interest in waterways and to respond to the activities that have and will impact the navigable waterways. The doctrine took into consideration cases such as Willow River vs. Wade in 1898 recognizing the right of the public to fish in navigable wa ...

Units Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words - 2

Units - Coursework Example Internet marketing is â€Å"essentially everything that you do, both online and offline, to influence people to buy your product or service from an online medium such as a website† (Michie, 10). There are some principle benefits from internet marketing like low cost involved and easy reach to customers across the world. With the help of internet marketing, sales can increase rapidly since millions of customers can make easy access to a company’s website and gain knowledge about its products and services. Email communication has become a popular mode of staying connected with customers. For customers it is no longer necessary to rely on telephone for getting information about a company as most companies have their own websites. Thus, with the help of internet marketing it has become easier to achieve business objectives of enhanced sales and huge customer base. Also, internet marketing makes more effective targeting and segmentation since it is possible to keep track of which products have most demand. Moreover, with the internet it is possible to address specific group of customers with similar likes and dislikes. All these will help the company make products according to target customer demand. Market segmentation can be demographic, geographic, psychographic and lifestyle. Demographic segmentation is based on age, social class, gender and income. Geographic segmentation is based on regions where customers belong to since customers from different countries or whether they are in towns or cities of same country display different demands and purchasing capacity. Psychographic or lifestyle segmentation is based on customers’ personality, opinions and interest. Also, the 7ps (product, price, promotion, place, people, process, physical evidence) of marketing mix is very important in internet marketing. Internet is a reliable tool for assessing the demand of a product. Once demand pattern